Homozygous - English Definition & Meaning

Definition

'Homozygous' describes a genetic condition where an individual has two identical alleles for a particular gene. These alleles are located at the same spot (locus) on homologous chromosomes. This means the individual inherited the same version of the gene from both parents. This results in a predictable expression of that gene's trait. Unlike heterozygous, there's no variation in the inherited genetic code for that specific gene. It's like getting two copies of the same instruction manual.

Etymology

The word 'homozygous' comes from the Greek words 'homos' meaning 'same' and 'zygos' meaning 'yoke' or 'pair.' The term was coined in the early 20th century with the rise of genetics as a science. It describes the pairing of identical alleles at a specific gene locus. The concept is fundamental to understanding inheritance patterns.

Related Words

Examples

• "The plant is homozygous for the gene that determines flower color."
• "A homozygous recessive individual will express the recessive trait."
• "Homozygous dominant individuals display the dominant trait."
• "Genetic testing confirmed that the patient was homozygous for the mutation."

Encouragement

Use 'homozygous' when discussing genetics and inheritance. It's a key term for understanding how traits are passed down. Keep exploring science and your knowledge will grow exponentially! 🧠

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