Definition
The term 'tree sparrow' can refer to two distinct sparrow species: the American tree sparrow and the Eurasian tree sparrow. The American tree sparrow breeds in northern North America and winters further south; it's recognized by its rusty cap and dark spot on its breast. The Eurasian tree sparrow, found across Europe and Asia, has a chestnut cap and white cheeks with a black patch. They are both typically found near trees and shrubs. Distinguishing between them is essential in ornithology. Think of them as cousins from different continents.